Patofisiología del Asma Tipo 2

IL-4, IL-13 e IL-5 son factores clave en la inflamación tipo 2 en Asma.

IL-4 e IL-13 son citoquinas Tipo 2 con roles distintos y superpuestos ³

Adapted from Hammad H
and Lambrecht BN, 2008,4
and Robinson D et al, 2017 ³

Type 2 inflammation in asthma can result in increased exacerbations and decreased lung function ³

El asma alérgico está mediado por la respuesta inmune Tipo 2 ³

IL-4 and IL-13 increase expression of the
high-affinity IgE receptor FcεRI, which
results in increased IgE/anti-IgE mediated
histamine reléase ⁷

Adapted from Froidure A et al, 2016,⁵
and Robinson D et al, 2017 ^3.

IL4 y IL3 son citoquinas Tipo 2 con roles distintos y superpuestos ³

ILC2, type 2 innate lymphoid cells; TSLP, thymic stromal lymphopoietin.

Referencias:
1. Seys SF, Scheers H, Van den Brande P, et al. Cluster analysis of sputum cytokine-high profiles reveals diversity in T(h)2-high asthma patients. Respir Res. 2017;18(1):39. doi:10.1186/s12931-017-0524-y
2. Peters MC, Mekonnen ZK, Yuan S, Bhakta NR, Woodruff PG, Fahy JV. Measures of gene expression in sputum cells can identify TH2-high and TH2-low subtypes of asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2014;133(2):388-394.
3. Robinson D, Humbert M, Buhl R, et al. Revisiting type 2-high and type 2-low airway inflammation in asthma: current knowledge and therapeutic implications. Clin Exp Allergy. 2017;47(2):161-175.
4. Hammad H, Lambrecht BN. Dendritic cells and epithelial cells: linking innate and adaptive immunity in asthma. Nat Rev Immunol. 2008;8(3):193-204.
5. Froidure A, Mouthuy J, Durham SR, Chanez P, Sibille Y, Pilette C. Asthma phenotypes and IgE responses. Eur Respir J. 2016;47(1):304-319.
6. Zissler UM, Esser-von Bieren J, Jakwerth CA, Chaker AM, Schmidt-Weber CB. Current and future biomarkers in allergic asthma. Allergy. 2016;71(4):475-494.
7. Kaur D, Hollins F, Woodman L, et al. Mast cells express IL-13Rα1: IL-13 promotes human lung mast cell proliferation and FcεRI expression. Allergy. 2006;61(9):1047-1053.