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Effect of de-escalated P2Y12 inhibitor switching in dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT)

Main Takeaway

A real-word study of Taiwanese patients with AMI undergoing PC

Showed a comparable 1-year
cardiovascular outcome
 with
standard ticagrelor treatment 3
months after the event of AMI

Didn’t report statistically
significant differences in:

 • Hazard risk of death
• AMI admission
• Major adverse
• Cardiovascular events
(MACE)

Didn’t show a difference
in the risk of bleeding,
i
ncluding major or
clinically relevant non-
major bleeding

Why This Matters

  • Bleeding risks could be reduced P2Y12 inhibitor de-escalation approach is considered by physicians to reduce additional bleeding risks
  • Current studies are not enough Despite recent clinical studies, there’s limited and conflicting evidence on de-escalation strategies. This study aimed to assess the effect of de-escalated P2Y12 inhibitor switching in DAPT on MACE in patients with AMI undergoing PCI;

Study Design

This retrospective and population-based cohort study utilized data from the Taiwan’s National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD).

Key Inclusion Criteria:

  • Patients who were hospitalized with a primary diagnosis of AMI

Key Exclusion Criteria:

  • Patients aged <18 years, without identification of sex, or Taiwanese citizenship
  • Patients not on heparin or antiplatelet therapy, or were only on aspirin therapy, or
  • received antiplatelet agents other than ticagrelor at index of AMI
  • Patients who had a coronary artery bypass graft
  • Death of the patient within 3 months after the index date of AMI

Key Outcomes:

  • Death, AMI readmission, and MACE within one year during the follow-up period

Key Results

Number Of Participants

  • 10,100 patients were included (de-escalated DAPT group: n = 1,901; unchanged DAPT: n = 8,199)

Incidence Rates And Adjusted Hazard Ratio

  • All-cause death (unchanged vs de-escalated DAPT group): Incidence = 2.42 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.02–2.90) vs 2.89 (95% CI: 2.05–3.91); adjusted HR = 1.20 (95% CI: 0.83–1.73; P = 0.336)
  • AMI hospitalization (unchanged vs de-escalated DAPT group): Incidence = 3.28 (95% CI: 2.81–3.83) vs 3.68 (95% CI: 2.75–4.88); adjusted HR = 1.12 (95% CI: 0.80–1.56; P = 0.509)
  • MACE (unchanged vs de-escalated DAPT group): Incidence = 4.72 (95% CI: 4.13–5.36) vs 4.91 (95% CI: 3.80–6.26); adjusted HR = 1.04 (95% CI: 0.78–1.39; P = 0.766)
  • Major bleeding (unchanged vs de-escalated DAPT group): Incidence = 2.36 (95% CI: 1.95–2.82) vs 2.12 (95% CI: 1.41–3.01); adjusted HR = 0.92 (95% CI: 0.61–1.37; P = 0.669)

Limitations

  • Patient information such as risk behaviors, diet, and physical activities are not available in the NHIRD.
  • Hidden bias of medication selection was introduced as the study data was sourced from an administrative database.
  • Missing clinical information, such as the severity of AMI at admission, might have induced non-differential misclassification bias.
  • Study results might not be generalizable to other populations, as only Taiwanese patients were included in the analysis.

Reference

  1. Yeh JS, Hsu CY, Huang CY, Chen WT, Hsieh YC, Chien LN. The effect of de-escalation of P2Y12 receptor inhibitor therapy after acute myocardial infarction in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention: A nationwide cohort study. PLoS One. 2021;16(1):e0246029. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0246029. PMID: 33493236.
MAT-BH-2200185/v2/Jun 2023