Pertussis School Entry Booster
Pertussis
An important cause of morbidity in children 1 to 5 years of age1
- Toxin-mediated disease; transmitted via respiratory droplets
- From mild respiratory symptoms to distressing paroxysmal cough (whoop) w/ severe complications (apnea, cyanosis, death)1
- Highest severity/mortality in 1st weeks/months of life1
- Main aim of vaccination = reduce death in infants
- Recognized waning of immunity after primary vaccination
- Disease resurgence in aP- and wP-using countries despite high vaccine coverage
- Highly transmissible, up to 90% secondary attack rate1 among susceptible household contacts (e.g. parents, siblings)
- School-age children increasingly recognized as a reservoir of transmission for infants2,3
References
- WHO. WER, 2015;90(35
- Bertilone. Commun Dis Intell Q Rep, 2014;38(3)
- Skoff. Pediatrics, 2015;136(4)
Waning Anti-Pertussis Immunity
School-entry booster is needed to maintain immunity through primary school1
Immune responses after a DTaP-IPV/Hib toddler booster (n=69) and before/2 monthsmafter DTaP-IPV school-entry booster (n=232) at 5-6 years in children primed w/ DTaP-IPV/Hib at 2-3-4/2-4-6 months (3+1 schedule, France, 2000-01)1
Abbreviations
NA: not available; MO: months; YR: years
Reference
- Mallet. Vaccine, 2004;22(11-12)
Pertussis vaccination is primarily intended to reduce transmission to vulnerable infants who suffer the highest morbidity and mortality from disease1
- School-aged children are recognized as an increasingly important source of in fection (SOI) for infant pertussis2,3
- Implementation of a school-entry pertussis booster is beneficial:
- To offset vaccine-induced waning immunity4,5
- To mitigate the shift of SOI from parents to school-aged siblings3,6
- By providing protection to both the target age group and infants7,9
References
- WHO. WER, 2015;90(35)
-
Bertilone. Commun Dis Intell Q Rep, 2014;38(3)
-
Skoff. Pediatrics, 2015;136(4)
-
Haller. PIDJ, 2015;34(5)
-
Mallet.Vaccine, 2004;22(11-12)
-
Domenech de Cell s. Sci Transl Med, 2018;10(434)
-
Amirthalingam. Euro Surveill, 2013;18(38)
-
Carlsson. Pertussis Surveillance in Sweden 20-year report.2018
-
de Greef. PIDJ, 2008;27(3)
Vaccination Recommendations - WHO
School-entry boosters are recommended for long-lived protection1,5
References
- WHO. WER, 2017;92(31)
- WHO. WER, 2017;92(6)
- WHO. WER, 2015;90(351)
- WHO. WER, 2016;91(12)
- Martinon-Torres. Expert Rev Vaccines, 2018;17(4)
- Carlsson. Pertussis Surveillance in Sweden 20-year report.2018
- de Greef. PIDJ, 2008;27(3)
